Methyl bromide
Short-term inhalation of methyl bromide can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. It irritates and causes pain in the eyes. It can be fatal even at low concentrations (depending on exposure duration, 1600 to 60,000 ppm). Skin contact causes irritation, itching, followed by blistering and pain.
Sulfuryl fluoride
Sulfuryl fluoride is a toxic gas that weakens the central nervous system. Symptoms include nausea, stomach pain, dizziness, or convulsions. Exposure to high concentrations can lead to irritation or damage to the respiratory system. Prolonged exposure may result in fatal pulmonary edema.
Chloropicrin
Exposure to high concentrations can cause fatal pulmonary edema. Symptoms of short-term exposure include: abdominal pain, coughing, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, nausea, sore throat, vomiting. Sometimes symptoms appear after a delay.
Ammonia
Ammonia is toxic when inhaled, can cause burns, and is highly irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes.
Carbon dioxide
Higher concentrations can quickly disrupt the circulatory system. Symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting. This can lead to unconsciousness.
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat. It may also cause headache and skin irritation. Occupational asthma can develop from exposure to this substance.
Phosphine
Phosphine, also known as hydrogen phosphide (PH₃), is a phosphorus compound. This highly toxic gas is often used for pest control through fumigation. The gas itself is odorless, colorless, flammable, and lethal even at relatively low concentrations.
1,2-Dichloroethane
Inhaling 1,2-dichloroethane can damage the nervous system, liver, kidneys, and lungs. Animal studies show increased risk of stomach, breast, liver, and lung cancer from exposure.
Hydrogen cyanide
The acute toxicity of hydrogen cyanide is due to its rapid absorption through the lungs into the bloodstream and transport to tissues. The tissues most dependent on oxygen, such as brain cells, are the first to be damaged. The lethal dose for adults is estimated at around 150 mg. Hydrogen cyanide vapor mixes well with air and easily forms explosive mixtures (explosive at 5.6 to 40% air).
Carbon monoxide
This gas is toxic because it binds to the protein hemoglobin much more strongly (200–300 times) than oxygen does. As a result, the blood can no longer transport oxygen to the tissues. Even at low concentrations of carbon monoxide in the ambient air, hemoglobin quickly contains a significant percentage of carbon monoxide. Every year, deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning still occur in the Netherlands and Belgium.